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Top 10 useful SSH terminal commands.

admin — Sat, 24 Sep 2011 02:30:29 +0000

Now that you have a virtual server setup, you can enjoy the benefits of managing your server as root (super admin). With root level access, you can send commands to your server using a bash terminal. Here are the common commands:

man - stands for manual. Very useful command if you are just getting started with Linux. You can invoke 'man', followed by any other Linux command (cd, for example) and it will display detailed description and list of all available options.
cd - cd is short for 'change directory'. Allows browsing between different folders of your VPS.
cp, mv, rm - great commands for basic file management. You can copy (cp), move (mv) or remove (rm) files/folders this way from your server.
grep - grep permits you to print lines that match a particular pattern. Useful if you are looking for a phrase or or line in a large text file (logs, for example).
ls - allows you to list the content of a directory. Using "ls -la" will also show you hidden files/directories (those starting with a dot) and additional attributes, such as permissions and ownership.
chown, chmod - every file or directory has its own ownerhip rights - user and group. With "chown" you can modify those parameters and "chmod" gives you the ability to change permissions (read, write, execute) for the owner, group and the rest of the users, accessing that file/directory.
nano, vi - "nano" and "vi" are probably the two most popular Linux text editors. You may find "nano" easier to use, while "vi" appears as the preferred editor among more experienced.
top, ps - "top" provides you with a periodic update (every five seconds by defaut) of running Linux tasks, while "ps" takes a snapshot of all current processes and prints it on your screen.
df -h, du -hs - shows you the current overall use of your disk in gygabytes (df -h)."du -hs" calculates the total size of a directory in a human readable format (e.g., 1K 234M 2G).

Here are two bonus commands for checking DESK SPACE and RAM usages: To check out the disk space usage on your server, execute this command: df -h And to see the memory usage: free -m

How to unzip or extract .tgz or .tar.gz Files using SSH

admin — Fri, 27 May 2011 15:24:36 +0000

To extract .tar.gz or .tgz files from terminal or via ssh

tar -zxvf file.tar.gz or tar -zxvf filename.tgz

Change the permissions of a file in SSH

admin — Sun, 06 Feb 2011 03:31:05 +0000

To change the permissions of a file in SSH, once you have logged in, you can use the CHMOD command. Here are a few common examples of CHMOD: chmod number filename

chmod 600 example.html - This will give the file read and write permissions by the owner only (-rw-------).
chmod 644 example.html - This will give the file read and write permissions by the owner and read by everyone else (-rw-r--r--).
chmod 700 example.html - This will give the file read, write and execute permissions by the owner only (-rwx------).
chmod 755 example.html - This will give the file read, write and execute permissions by the owner, read and execute permissions by the group and others (-rwxr-xr-x)
chmod 666 example.html - This will give the file read and write permissions by everyone(-rw-rw-rw-) (NOT RECOMMENDED)
chmod 777 example.html - This will give the file read, write and execute permissions by everyone (-rwxrwxrwx) (NOT RECOMMENDED)

Changing the ownership

To change the ownership of a file in SSH, you can use the CHOWN command. e.g: chown owner filename

chown user example.html


chown user:group <directory-name>

chown apache avatars

How to backup MySQL Database via SSH

admin — Sat, 28 Nov 2009 02:44:53 +0000

First you log in using your terminal application by typing the flowing SSH command: ssh yourusername@hostname-or-ipaddress After that, you will be prompted to enter your password. As you enter your password, the text will be hidden. Next we should switch to the "root" user. You can do so by typing the following in your terminal window: su - root You will have to enter a password once more. Now navagate to where you would like to store your MySQL database file. For an example of changing the directory to the "public_html" direcotry, type this: cd /var/www/html_public Now you can back up your db here using the following command. This command will backup all of your databases. I also chose to compress them after the pipe "|" as a gzip file. Type the following but be sure to change the user name and password to your info: mysqldump -u yourusername -p yourpassword --all-databases | gzip >databasebackup.sql.gz You can also target single database using the following: mysqldump -u yourUserName -p yourDBName | gzip >databasebackup.sql.gz

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admin — Tue, 23 Mar 2004 00:22:11 +0000

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